Tough and self-healing hydrophobic association hydrogels with cationic surfactant

Hydrophobic association (HA) hydrogels with outstanding mechanical, rheological and recovery properties were successfully synthesized by micellar copolymerization of acrylamide with lauryl methacrylate. The synthesis occurred at room temperature and the synthesis condition was moderate by using the redox initiator system of Ammonium persulfate - sodium bisulfite as initiators. Cationic surfactant (dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) was utilized to form micelles with hydrophobe, served as physical cross-linking points in the 3D networks of hydrogels. The HA hydrogels showed a high tensile strength of 181 kPa, superior stretchability of 2300% and excellent toughness of 2.16 MJ m⁻³. Moreover, they owned extraordinary self-recovery under different conditions. It is hopeful that the hydrogels with superior mechanical strength and self-healing properties would be applied to the fields of biomedicine and engineering. Meanwhile, based on above materials, HA hydrogels could also be synthesized with the combination of hydrophobic association and other synergistic effects, such as latex particles, electrostatic effect and nanoparticles.     

纳米四方多晶氧化锆粉末的超强碱共沉淀法制备及性能表征

采用引入有机添加剂的超强碱共沉淀法可制备出粉末粒子尺寸为10nm左右的高纯纳米多晶氧化锆粉末。通过控制适当的工艺条件，得到了室温稳定的纳米四方／立方多晶氧化锆粉末。用X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射、透射电镜、粒度分析仪等手段对粉末性能进行了表征。实验结果表明：超强碱共沉淀法所制备的粉末具有纯度高、氯离子等杂质少等特点；该粉末在室温和小于873K热处理时，均以稳定的立方或四方相存在；经873K处理的粉末粒子尺寸为10nm左右；在1123K处理后，形成固溶完全的稳定纳米四方多晶氧化锆粉末，粒子尺寸小，分散性好，粒度分布窄。与其它湿化学方法相比，添加聚合物的超强碱共沉淀法具有工艺操作简单、节约资源和环境污染小的优点。     

极压剂在金属塑性成形润滑剂中的应用研究

极压剂是金属塑性成形工艺润滑剂的重要添加剂，极压剂的作用实质是一种“有益腐蚀”现象。比较了使用合适的极压剂与不使用极压剂，仅仅由于滑动摩擦产生的磨损情况。研究表明：添加极压剂的腐蚀产生的磨损可以小于不添加极压剂的磨损。同时本文简要的介绍了常用的润滑剂极压性能的测试方法及几种常用极压剂。     

添加Mo-B对超高强度管线钢相变组织的影响

在超高强度管线钢中添加不同数量的Mo与B,研究了不同Mo/B(s)比(B(s)为酸溶硼)的管线钢的组织相变特性和显微硬度的变化.结果表明,Mo-B(s)共同作用有利于提高钢的淬透性,增加组织中的下贝氏体含量,提高该钢的显微硬度,其共同作用的效果优于两者单独作用之和.在Mo-B(s)共同作用下,钢中的Mo/B(s)比RMo/B(s)=200时,该钢得到最佳的组织和最高的显微硬度.对有关作用机理进行了讨论.     

The influence of nickel and copper on the austempering of ductile iron

In the present investigation, the effect of alloying elements on the austempering process, austempered microstructure, and structural parameters of two austempered ductile irons (ADI) containing 0.6% Cu and 0.6% Cu/1.0% Ni as the main alloying elements was investigated. The optical metallography and x-ray diffraction were used to study the changes in the austempered structure. The effect of alloying additions on the austempering kinetics was studied using the Avrami equation. Significantly more upper bainite was observed in the austempered Cu-Ni alloyed ADI than in Cu alloyed ADI. The volume fraction of retained austenite (X _γ), the carbon level in the retained austenite (C _γ), and the product X _γ C _γ in an austempered structure of Cu-alloyed ADI are higher than in Cu-Ni-alloyed ADI. The austempering Kinetics is slowed down by the addition of Ni.     

第三组元添加对Fe-Ga合金相组成和磁致伸缩性能的影响

系统地研究了铸态和淬火态Fe81(Ga1-xMx)19(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3;M=Si,Ge,Sn)合金的相组成和磁致伸缩特性.结果表明:Si,Ge元素分别添加到Fe81Ca91合金中保持了合金的A2相结构.添加少量的Si或Ge(x=0.1)不会降低合金的饱和磁致伸缩值,其中淬火态Fe81(Ga0.9Ge0.1)19样品的饱和磁致伸缩值比淬火态Fe81Ga19合金明显提高;此后,继续增加Si或Ge含量,饱和磁致伸缩值显著下降.铸态和淬火态Fe81(Ga1-xSnx)19(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)合金为A2和FeSn(Ga)双相结构.随着Sn含量增加,非磁性FeSn(Ga)相数量增加,合金的饱和磁致伸缩值呈降低趋势.其中,在铸态Fe81(Ga0.9Sn0.1)19合金中获得了最大的饱和磁致伸缩值(41×10-6),略高于铸态Fe81Ga19合金.     

Effects of Ag addition on mechanical properties and microstructures of Al-SCu-0.5Mg alloy

The mechanical properties and microstructures of Al-8Cu-0.5Mg alloy with and without Ag addition were studied at both room- and elevated-temperatures. The results show that the alloy with Ag is strengthened by a homogeneous distribution of coexistent θ＇ and Ω precipitates on the matrix （001） and （111） planes, respectively, whereas the alloy without Ag by θ＇ precipitates only. The small size and high volume fraction of θ＇ and Ω precipitates in the Ag-containing alloy improve the tensile strength and yield strength, especially those at the elevated temperatures. However, it is also responsible for the decrease in elongation, compared with the alloy without Ag, which is due to the microcracks initiated from the inherent incompatibility between the particles and the AI matrix during deformation.     

敞开式阳极焙烧炉的烟气(一)

敞开式焙烧炉的烟气，在阳极焙烧的设计和生产中。是必须引起重视的要素。烟气量。污染物种类及含量，烟气的温度压力等参数，对确定焙烧炉的有关尺寸。净化方案的选择。以及净化装置的大小等都是至关重要的。     

普碳钢Q235的应力-应变曲线研究

利用Gleeble 3500热模拟试验机分析了普碳钢Q235在不同温度和变形速率条件下的σ-ε曲线特征。结果表明,在一定温度范围内,变形将诱发相变而使峰值应力降低,这为实现低温轧制提供了理论依据。     

叠层加压SPS烧结制备梯度硬质合金

采用叠层加压SPS烧结法制备致密的YG10/YG20梯度结构硬质合金。通过调整WC粒度和添加微量元素B来调整烧结温度,使含钴量低的粉末与含钴量高的粉末的烧结温度相近。研究了烧结温度对致密度、组织形貌、显微硬度和断裂韧性的影响,分析了沿梯度截面上C,Co,W等成分、显微硬度的变化及YG10/YG20界面的结合情况。结果表明:原始WC粒度为1μm的YG10+0.05%B混合粉末和9μm的YG20混合粉末都能在1100℃~1160℃烧结致密,相对密度达到99%以上,晶粒尺寸均匀,梯度界面结合良好,没有开裂现象。低钴端的硬度达到了15500MPa~16000MPa,高钴端的硬度为11100MPa;在294N载荷的作用下低钴端的断裂韧性为12.62MPa·m1/2,而高钴端在这一载荷的作用下没有出现裂纹,断裂韧性较高,从而实现了硬质合金一端具有高硬度,另一端具有良好的韧性的有机结合。